International exchange has great significance in economic growth and the development of the country participating in that exchange. With two theories, there is an insight into the international exchange and how it operates. Ricard's theory defines the principle of comparative advantage, which implies that the countries will produce and export those goods for which they are most qualified. Heckscher-Ohlin's theory has explained that international exchange is due to the appearance of minimal differences in the quantity of production factors needed for international exchange that a country has. The analysis of the international exchange of Croatia shows that there was an increase in imports and exports of Croatia after the entry into the European Union on 1 July 2013. Comparative advantages have been achieved with the above mentioned values of exports and imports, and it is evident that Croatia has two comparative advantages in two categories, while in other categories, the value of indicators indicates a lack of comparative advantage. With regard to the observed countries of the EU it is not apparent that Croatia has comparative advantages. The assessment of the economy situation in the international exchange sector through the competitiveness item shows Croatia's growth in the indicators of annual GDP growth per capita and GDP per capita GDP over the period under review. The analysis of the business environment shows where Croatia is in comparison with other countries and the results achieved in that period. After the accession of Croatia to the EU, many reforms are being implemented in order to achieve greater growth and development compared to previous years.