State aid is defined as a form of intervention by which the government transfers funds to a certain part of the economy or a particular economic entity in order to stimulate economic activity. As problem of this study are presented in state aid that distorts competition and leads to discrimination between companies that receive assistance and those who do not get help. The European Union has noted the danger to the common market and therefore established a system of state aid control. The main objective of this work was to determine the importance and impact of state aid to the economy. Testing the hypothesis at the level of 16 models for the period from 2009th to 2015th, we came to the result which state aid affect GDP per capita and to what extent they affect. Only aid granted for R&D, regional aid, environmental protection and energy savings and employment aid has been shown to be significant and it is therefore necessary to direct these types od aid to the economy. However, the obtained results, according to the used methodology and relatively small amounts of support compared to other variables. Should be taken and interpreted with caution. Overall, conclusion is that a lot of work has to be done on the state aid system and their control so that those in general will have a greater impact on economic growth, development, increased employment and total well-being.