The main objective of this doctoral thesis is to establish and analyse the influence of the private sector involvement on the effectiveness and efficiency of health care provision, and for that purpose defining and empirical testing of model used for measuring and monitoring effectiveness and efficiency of health care providers. Theoretical part of the paper investigates and critically analyses theoretical grounds and empirical research of involving the private sector in infrastructure development, as one of possible solutions for overcoming the gap between needs and possibilities that contemporary health care systems have to face. The paper further analyses current methodology used for measuring effectiveness and efficiency in the public sector, with a special emphasis on its implementation for testing the differences between public and private health care providers in relation to effectiveness and efficiency. Conclusions made after analysing relevant literature have been used to define original indicators for measuring and monitoring effectiveness and efficiency of stationary health care providers, that is to define the model of aggregate indicator. The model has been tested on a sample of five departments representing various specializations, private and public stationary health institutions. The results of the research show that the defined model of aggregate indicator is appropriate measuring instrument for calculating relative effectiveness and efficiency. The appropriateness of the model for establishing and testing result differences between various levels and indicators in the model, as well as units in the sample, has also been confirmed. Calculation and testing of differences between the public and private ownership has also confirmed other hypotheses, which have proved validity of the theory proposed by the model. Namely, it has proved that private stationary health care providers are more effectiveness and efficient than public providers. Furthermore, results show that private ownership achieves grater level of effectiveness and efficiency based on personnel, organisational and quality indicators, as opposed to technical indicators, while there is no statistically significant difference between public and private providers in relation to the results of provided service.